Cell culture is a method that simulates in vivo conditions, such as temperature, pH, and nutritional requirements, in vitro to enable cells to survive, grow, reproduce, and maintain their primary structure and function. It is also known as cell cloning technology.

Cell culture is one of the main tools used in cell and molecular biology, providing excellent model systems for studying normal cell physiology and biochemistry (such as metabolism and aging), the effects of drugs and toxic compounds on cells, as well as mutagenicity and carcinogenicity research. Additionally, cell culture can be utilized for drug screening and development, as well as large-scale production of biological compounds (e.g., vaccines, therapeutic proteins).